Google announced the October 2022 spam update on 19th Oct 2022, around 11 am ET. It described it as a global release affecting all languages, and estimated about a week for the rollout.
It needed far less. Google's ranking updates page recorded "The rollout was complete as of October 21, 2022", less than 48 hours after launch.
That was much faster than the 8 days the November 2021 spam update had taken.
Spam updates are periodic improvements to Google's automated spam detection, including SpamBrain, its AI-based spam-prevention system.
Google did not say whether this release focused on link spam, content spam or other violation types. It said only that it improved detection broadly.
Unlike a core update, a drop tied to a spam update has a concrete cause. Google's systems judged the site to be violating its spam policies.
Google's guidance for affected sites is to review those policies, fix any violations and then wait. Making changes "may help a site improve if our automated systems learn over a period of months that the site complies".
Because this rollout was so short, the diagnostic window is unusually clean. If rankings or traffic moved sharply between 19th and 21st Oct 2022, this update is the leading suspect.